For the first time, a new, interactive map from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation gives policy-makers and advocates a nationwide picture of continuing state efforts on key tobacco control policies. The interactive map is a wealth of information on policies related to tobacco control, cigarette taxes and prevention spending, and also features key data points about mortality, consumer behavior and public health.
Tobacco policy map provides latest data on state smoking laws.
Smoking tobacco is damaging to nearly every organ in the body, and is a major contributor to cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, and respiratory diseases. Smoking effects the smoker and also those exposed to second hand smoke. It also can affect fetal health when pregnant women smoke during pregnancy.
Beginning in the late 1990s, states began to enact tobacco control measures in workplaces, restaurants and bars. As the deleterious health effects of second hand smoking was documented in exhaustive detail by medical and public health experts, political support grew for measures to protect the health of employees. Additionally, the Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement, signed in 1998 between the four largest tobacco companies and the Attorneys General of 46 states, provided significant funding for tobacco prevention and control.
The shift in state-level policies over the past few years — shown in a timeline slider bar on the map – has been dramatic. However, public health experts both nationally as well as in Connecticut still have not met their goal of requiring smoke-free restaurants, bars and workplaces. According to the map, RWJF claims 57.2% of the population is covered by state and local laws requiring smoke-free workplaces, but Connecticut does not yet have such a law. Connecticut does have the second-highest cigarette tax in the nation — a tax of $3.00 per pack was enacted as of October 2009, up from $2.00 previously — but the average national cigarette tax rate is still less than half that.
In addition to providing an excellent visualization and introduction to tobacco prevention policy for the general public, the RWJF map will be of interest to local and state policy makers. For example, even though 4,700 Connecticut adults are dying each year from smoking, young persons are still starting to smoke at alarming rates. Over 21% of Connecticut high school students smoke. At current rates, RWJF estimates that 76,000 Connecticut residents who are currently children will die from smoking — a scary figure.
The inadequacy of prevention funding is also indicated on one of the pop-ups: CDC recommends that Connecticut spends $44 million per year on prevention programs, but the state only spent $7.2 million in FY2010 – only 16% of the recommended amount (Connecticut ranks 28th among states in this measure). Given the amount of mortality every year and the lack of effective amounts of funding, public health officials have called for increased attention to the issue.
These are examples of how assigning actual numbers to public health concerns may help create a broader understanding and mobilize action.
New tobacco control policies may be especially necessary within the state’s urban areas, like New Haven. In past years, New Haven’s smoking rates have been fairly similar to the state average, though slightly elevated among African American residents. However, door-to-door household surveys conducted this past fall in six central, lower-income New Haven neighborhoods by the Community Alliance for Research and Engagement (CARE) at Yale University showed a 31% rate of daily smoking; quite a bit higher than reported state averages from recent years.
Since previous surveys like BRFSS phone surveillance have not provided neighborhood-level precision and high accuracy in measuring smoking rates, and were not conducted as recently, it is difficult to say if rates in these neighborhoods are significantly higher than those of surrounding areas, or if smoking has only recently increased in them. The data may indicate that adults in certain New Haven neighborhoods are being impacted by the economic downturn, during which, US smoking rates have increased for the first time in 10 years. They may also indicate that the excessive amount of tobacco marketing at local convenience and liquor stores — documented by CARE’s asset mapping project — is having an impact.
RWJF’s map data is provided courtesy of Americans for Nonsmokers’ Rights and Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids.
Author: Mark Abraham, Executive Director, DataHaven, 3/11/10 Read the rest of this entry »
EAT (Education, Advocacy, Teamwork) Healthy New Haven was founded in 2006 with the goal of creating a health-promoting environment for families in the greater New Haven area. Based at the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, the group is comprised of community advocates, researchers, and healthcare professionals who are committed to preventing and treating obesity in our community.
